Design Choice and Iteration

There are two misleading ideas (espoused theories) about how architects and designers make decisions.According to classical decision theory (Herbert Simon), one or more designers develops a series of alternative options, working collaboratively or in c…

The Interconnectedness of All Things

Cloud, SOA, Enterprise Mobility, Social Media/Enterprise/Business, The Internet of Things, Big Data (you name it) – each in its own way is part of an overall tendency. The general trend is for enterprises to become increasingly involved in increasingly broad ecosystems. … Continue reading

What Are You Doing To Get Off XP?

In case you haven’t heard Microsoft is ending support for Windows XP and Office 2003 in April of 2014. What this means is that Microsoft will no longer patch security vulnerabilities discovered in XP or Office 2003, and therefore there will be security holes discovered that can be exploited by hackers which will never be […]

4 Steps to Big Data Lite

Every time I breathe the words Big Data to a group of business and technology executives I brace myself for a barrage of questions…. How is it different? What’s our business case? Where will we source the data scientists to drive deeper insights? How do we acquire the technology to process mountains of information at a rapid-fire rate? The silent question lurking underneath them all: What if we fail? I’m not discouraged by their doubt. […]

Enterprise as a … System

Notwithstanding the earnest way some people use the phrase “enterprise-as-a-system”, I don’t see any great significance in regarding an enterprise or organization as a system.

Indeed, given the very broad way people commonly use the word “system”, it is difficult to think of anyway to regard an enterprise other than as some kind of system. A machine or complicated technological assembly is a system; a human activity or social unit is a system; an abstract legal or procedural process is a system. All of the chapters in Gareth Morgan’s book Images of Organization represent organizations as different kinds of system. And even if we don’t regard an enterprise as quite the same as an organization, what could an enterprise possibly be, from anyone’s perspective, other than some kind of system?

And many popular architecture frameworks claim to regard an enterprise as a system. For example

  • TOGAF considers the enterprise as a system (TOGAF9, Chapter 2
  • Enterprise architecture structures the business planning into an integrated framework that regards the enterprise as a system or system of systems. (TOGAF9 Chapter 6)

Elsewhere in TOGAF however, as well as in ArchiMate, we can find reference to systems OR organizations, which suggests that they do not regard the enterprise as a system.

    Some people claim to regard the enterprise as a system, and then offer a layered schema with System Layer near the bottom. This represents a shift in the use of the word “system”.

    However, when people use the phrase “enterprise-as-a-system”, they may well have a particular kind of system in mind. Here are some examples.

    Enterprise as a sociotechnical system

      Enterprise as a socio-cultural—techno-economic system

      Enterprise as a human activity system

        Enterprise as a self-organizing system

          Enterprise as an open or closed system

          Clearly it is the adjective that helps to make this phrase meaningful.

          See also
           
          Alan Hakimi, Addressing the Multi-Dimensionality Challenge on Thinking of The Enterprise as a System (Feb 2013)

          Linked-In Discussion Enterprises *NOT AS* Systems (April 2013 onwards)

          Categories Uncategorized

          Requisite-fuzziness

          How should we respond to inherent-uncertainty in qualitative-requirements, for enterprise-architecture and the like? Yes, we can reduce every qualitative-requirement to some sort of metric, but is that always a wise thing to do? And if not, how can we tell whether