The Inventory Model

This model is part of my toolbox for working with business architectures. The Inventory Model   The important thing to remember is to be agile minded in use of tools like this. So, when I say extendable I mean that this is definitely not all things that could or should be in the inventory. Reconfigure it in […]

The Inventory Model

This model is part of my toolbox for working with business architectures. The Inventory Model   The important thing to remember is to be agile minded in use of tools like this. So, when I say extendable I mean that this is definitely not all things that could or should be in the inventory. Reconfigure it in […]

The Strategy Model

This model is part of my toolbox for working with strategic architectures. The Strategy Model   Note: I’m currently in a process of changing my presentation design (the image shows what the new design looks like) for all my work. When I’ve stabilized the design and applied it across all canvases and related material I’ll link […]

The Strategy Model

This model is part of my toolbox for working with strategic architectures. The Strategy Model   Note: I’m currently in a process of changing my presentation design (the image shows what the new design looks like) for all my work. When I’ve stabilized the design and applied it across all canvases and related material I’ll link […]

The Scenario Canvas

This little canvas is part of my toolbox for detailing and documenting scenarios. The Scenario Canvas   Note: I’m currently in a process of changing my presentation design (the image shows what the new design looks like) for all my work. When I’ve stabilized the design and applied it across all canvases and related material I’ll […]

Agile and Wilful Blindness

@ruthmalan challenges @swardley on #Agile

Asked what is agile? It’s a method of reducing the cost of change when developing an uncertain act.
— swardley (@swardley) April 21, 2015

@swardley have you seen John Seddon’s quip: “Waterfall: doing the wrong thing righter. Agile: doing the wrong thing faster.”?
— ruth malan (@ruthmalan) April 21, 2015

@swardley in theory 🙂 What we’re paying attention to shapes what we perceive and pay attention to. etc.
— ruth malan (@ruthmalan) April 21, 2015

@swardley I was making a sophisticated/nuanced point. We canalize — we think we’re open to finding misdirection but it’s hard
— ruth malan (@ruthmalan) April 21, 2015


Some things are easier to change than others. The architect Frank Duffy proposed a theory of Shearing Layers, which was further developed and popularized by Stuart Brand. In this theory, the site and structure of a building are the most difficult to change, while skin and services are easier.

Let’s suppose Agile developers know how to optimize some of the aspects of a system, perhaps including skin and services. So it doesn’t matter if they get the skin and services wrong, because these can be changed later. This is the basic for @swardley’s point that you don’t need to know beforehand exactly what you are building.

But if they get the fundamentals wrong, such as site and structure, these are more difficult to change later. This is the basis for John Seddon’s point that Agile may simply build the wrong things faster.

And this is where @ruthmalan takes the argument to the next level. Because Agile developers are paying attention to the things they know how to change (skin, services), they may fail to pay attention to the things they don’t know how to change (site, structure). So they can throw themselves into refining and improving a system until it looks satisfactory (in their eyes), without ever seeing that it’s the wrong system in the wrong place.

One important function of architecture is to pay attention to the things that other people (such as developers) may miss – perhaps as a result of different scope or perspective or time horizon. In particular, architecture needs to pay attention to the things that are going to be most difficult or expensive to change, or that may affect the lifetime cost of some system. In other words, strategic risk. See my earlier post A Cautionary Tale (October 2012).


Wikipedia: Shearing Layers

Agile and Wilful Blindness

@ruthmalan challenges @swardley on #Agile

Asked what is agile? It’s a method of reducing the cost of change when developing an uncertain act.
— swardley (@swardley) April 21, 2015

@swardley have you seen John Seddon’s quip: “Waterfall: doing the wrong thing righter. Agile: doing the wrong thing faster.”?
— ruth malan (@ruthmalan) April 21, 2015

@swardley in theory 🙂 What we’re paying attention to shapes what we perceive and pay attention to. etc.
— ruth malan (@ruthmalan) April 21, 2015

@swardley I was making a sophisticated/nuanced point. We canalize — we think we’re open to finding misdirection but it’s hard
— ruth malan (@ruthmalan) April 21, 2015


Some things are easier to change than others. The architect Frank Duffy proposed a theory of Shearing Layers, which was further developed and popularized by Stuart Brand. In this theory, the site and structure of a building are the most difficult to change, while skin and services are easier.

Let’s suppose Agile developers know how to optimize some of the aspects of a system, perhaps including skin and services. So it doesn’t matter if they get the skin and services wrong, because these can be changed later. This is the basic for @swardley’s point that you don’t need to know beforehand exactly what you are building.

But if they get the fundamentals wrong, such as site and structure, these are more difficult to change later. This is the basis for John Seddon’s point that Agile may simply build the wrong things faster.

And this is where @ruthmalan takes the argument to the next level. Because Agile developers are paying attention to the things they know how to change (skin, services), they may fail to pay attention to the things they don’t know how to change (site, structure). So they can throw themselves into refining and improving a system until it looks satisfactory (in their eyes), without ever seeing that it’s the wrong system in the wrong place.

One important function of architecture is to pay attention to the things that other people (such as developers) may miss – perhaps as a result of different scope or perspective or time horizon. In particular, architecture needs to pay attention to the things that are going to be most difficult or expensive to change, or that may affect the lifetime cost of some system. In other words, strategic risk. See my earlier post A Cautionary Tale (October 2012).


Wikipedia: Shearing Layers

What’s A Strategy?

 Link to article
Recently, I was asked this simple question: What is a strategy?
According to this article a business strategy is: the result of choices executives make, on where to play and how to win, to maximize long-term value

Which seems reasonable enough definition, for the CEO, but doesn’t really help those who need to think strategically about other initiatives,  like, for example,  business change programmes. 

Here’s some thoughts on what a strategy is, and what it isn’t:


A strategy:
– Tells a story

– Is future focused

– Can apply to short, medium on long term futures

– Provides focus on what is important (and what isn’t)
– Is actionable

– Is a framework for decision-making

– Is holistic – considers changing environment & external events

– Examines alternatives

– Assesses risks

– Takes step back from Business As Usual – it is an abstraction from the current operation
– Can be emergent and living: will undergo revisions and course-corrections.
– Is a reference point for dealing with emergent change
– Is ‘WHY’, ‘WHAT’, ‘WHEN’ and ‘HOW’ focused. The ‘HOW’ in a strategy is a ‘Meta-HOW’:  often speaking to unknowns and unplanned (unknowable) events. The ‘WHEN’ is often more sequence focused than time-definite


– Is a choice

What a strategy isn’t:

– A detailed plan of activities

– A grand design

– A set of desired aims/objectives ( although these might be the basis)
– A mission statement

– A budget plan

– A collection of pre-determined projects

– A list of possibilities (technology-based or otherwise)

– Only applicable to ‘big’ or ‘long-term’ change (things often labelled as ‘strategic’).

Addendum:
I recommend reading Roger Martin’s wise words on the subject of Stategy.  A few quotes from his post:

The problem with a lot of strategies is that they are full of non-choices. Probably most of us have read more than a few so-called strategies that say something like, “Our strategy is to be customer centric.” But is that really a choice?”

I would argue that 90 percent of the strategic plans I’ve seen in my life are really more accurately described as budgets with prose”.

If you’re into destroying innovation, two words—”prove” and “it”—will do the trick”.

What’s A Strategy?

 Link to article
Recently, I was asked this simple question: What is a strategy?
According to this article a business strategy is: the result of choices executives make, on where to play and how to win, to maximize long-term value

Which seems reasonable enough definition, for the CEO, but doesn’t really help those who need to think strategically about other initiatives,  like, for example,  business change programmes. 

Here’s some thoughts on what a strategy is, and what it isn’t:


A strategy:
– Tells a story

– Is future focused

– Can apply to short, medium on long term futures

– Provides focus on what is important (and what isn’t)
– Is actionable

– Is a framework for decision-making

– Is holistic – considers changing environment & external events

– Examines alternatives

– Assesses risks

– Takes step back from Business As Usual – it is an abstraction from the current operation
– Can be emergent and living: will undergo revisions and course-corrections.
– Is a reference point for dealing with emergent change
– Is ‘WHY’, ‘WHAT’, ‘WHEN’ and ‘HOW’ focused. The ‘HOW’ in a strategy is a ‘Meta-HOW’:  often speaking to unknowns and unplanned (unknowable) events. The ‘WHEN’ is often more sequence focused than time-definite


– Is a choice

What a strategy isn’t:

– A detailed plan of activities

– A grand design

– A set of desired aims/objectives ( although these might be the basis)
– A mission statement

– A budget plan

– A collection of pre-determined projects

– A list of possibilities (technology-based or otherwise)

– Only applicable to ‘big’ or ‘long-term’ change (things often labelled as ‘strategic’).

Addendum:
I recommend reading Roger Martin’s wise words on the subject of Stategy.  A few quotes from his post:

The problem with a lot of strategies is that they are full of non-choices. Probably most of us have read more than a few so-called strategies that say something like, “Our strategy is to be customer centric.” But is that really a choice?”

I would argue that 90 percent of the strategic plans I’ve seen in my life are really more accurately described as budgets with prose”.

If you’re into destroying innovation, two words—”prove” and “it”—will do the trick”.

A Wiggly Path To Transformation

According to Sunday Times journalist, Carly Chynoweth, “Managers must learn how to adapt so they can solve problems they haven’t faced before.”

And:

“The fundamental impression they give is that the future can be organised and managed to achieve what you set out to achieve, and as long as you do it right it will come out as planned. But the reality is much more complex. Organisations are wiggly. They don’t operate in the neat, straight-line way conventional management thinking assumes”.

“It is not possible to predict outcomes — they emerge from people’s actions. You might have plans about what you are doing, but so does everyone else.”

****
The culture and traditions of 100 year old Utility business make behavioual change hard. Power-plant Engineer’s detailed and precise planning techniques don’t work for this sort of long-term change. In our case, over 70% of the business processes will change. The main hurdle for us was the lack of certainty and predictability over 5, 10 and 20 years. It was impossible to answer the basic questions; when, how and how much? There was discomfort over sanctioning any plans without the ‘details’. This resulted in a period of ‘decision-making-block’.



This is when we introduced ‘Transition State’ planning. This borrows ideas from Complexity Theory: Specifically, the characteristics of Complex Adaptive Systems. We started with the premise that we cannot predict the long range future.  We also accepted that outcomes will emerge at various points along the way.


Much like ’Scenario Planning’, we first developed a few hypothetical ideas. These were refined in workshops with subject experts until we reached a reasonable consensus of:
  • the principles we will apply to different aspects of the transformation ahead of us,
  • an initial guess of when certain outcomes are needed,
  • a list of the main influencing events/decisions assessed as ‘Known’, ‘Unknown’ or ‘Unknowable’ now – along with an assessment of risk.

Armed with this, we plotted-out a series of ‘Way-points’ over time. We call these ‘Transition States’. Each has a few goals (expected outcomes) that we estimate to complete.  At this stage, Transition States are not pinned to a hard date.  Rather they describe the sequence of outcomes, and roughly when we think they’ll happen. Transition States are re-planning points; a time to reassess and re-estimate the next phase of work. The Transition State is an opportunity to amplify value-adding and extinguish value-detracting aspects.


After a few iterations, a more precise view emerged of the early Transition States and a traditional approach to planning and deliverables could be applied.


At first, we were quite concerned that this approach would be rejected by the culture; a plan must be very detailed and accurate before work can start. This, however, wasn’t the case, decision-makers could see the merits of a more agile and iterative approach to complex change. They liked the way ‘doable’ increments became clearer after a few iterations. They also liked the explicit opportunities for re-think and course-correction.



****
Is a Complex Adaptive approach the only way to manage large-scale, long-running, change? I’d like to hear how others approach designing and managing business transformations and whether they see the merits of Complexity Theory that we’ve seen, 

A Wiggly Path To Transformation

According to Sunday Times journalist, Carly Chynoweth, “Managers must learn how to adapt so they can solve problems they haven’t faced before.”

And:

“The fundamental impression they give is that the future can be organised and managed to achieve what you set out to achieve, and as long as you do it right it will come out as planned. But the reality is much more complex. Organisations are wiggly. They don’t operate in the neat, straight-line way conventional management thinking assumes”.

“It is not possible to predict outcomes — they emerge from people’s actions. You might have plans about what you are doing, but so does everyone else.”

****
The culture and traditions of 100 year old Utility business make behavioual change hard. Power-plant Engineer’s detailed and precise planning techniques don’t work for this sort of long-term change. In our case, over 70% of the business processes will change. The main hurdle for us was the lack of certainty and predictability over 5, 10 and 20 years. It was impossible to answer the basic questions; when, how and how much? There was discomfort over sanctioning any plans without the ‘details’. This resulted in a period of ‘decision-making-block’.



This is when we introduced ‘Transition State’ planning. This borrows ideas from Complexity Theory: Specifically, the characteristics of Complex Adaptive Systems. We started with the premise that we cannot predict the long range future.  We also accepted that outcomes will emerge at various points along the way.


Much like ’Scenario Planning’, we first developed a few hypothetical ideas. These were refined in workshops with subject experts until we reached a reasonable consensus of:
  • the principles we will apply to different aspects of the transformation ahead of us,
  • an initial guess of when certain outcomes are needed,
  • a list of the main influencing events/decisions assessed as ‘Known’, ‘Unknown’ or ‘Unknowable’ now – along with an assessment of risk.

Armed with this, we plotted-out a series of ‘Way-points’ over time. We call these ‘Transition States’. Each has a few goals (expected outcomes) that we estimate to complete.  At this stage, Transition States are not pinned to a hard date.  Rather they describe the sequence of outcomes, and roughly when we think they’ll happen. Transition States are re-planning points; a time to reassess and re-estimate the next phase of work. The Transition State is an opportunity to amplify value-adding and extinguish value-detracting aspects.


After a few iterations, a more precise view emerged of the early Transition States and a traditional approach to planning and deliverables could be applied.


At first, we were quite concerned that this approach would be rejected by the culture; a plan must be very detailed and accurate before work can start. This, however, wasn’t the case, decision-makers could see the merits of a more agile and iterative approach to complex change. They liked the way ‘doable’ increments became clearer after a few iterations. They also liked the explicit opportunities for re-think and course-correction.



****
Is a Complex Adaptive approach the only way to manage large-scale, long-running, change? I’d like to hear how others approach designing and managing business transformations and whether they see the merits of Complexity Theory that we’ve seen, 

On (not) changing the world

Back on the ‘no more arguments‘ theme, there were a couple of responses I received that, although nominally private, were so apposite and to-the-point that I really do need to reprise them here. (Because the messages were private, I’ll paraphrase them